Comparing the Effectiveness of Reality Therapy and Schema Therapy on the Perfectionism of Working Women in Shiraz

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Department of psychology . Firozabad . Islamic . Azad University . Firozabad . Iran .

Abstract

The present research was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of reality therapy and schema therapy on the perfectionism of working women. The materials and methods of this research are Quasi-experiment with a pre-test and post-test design. The statistical population consists of working women based in Shiraz. First, a number of 150 working women completed Hill et al.'s perfectionism inventory (2004), then 45 individuals who had the higher scores compared to the rest, were selected and randomly placed in three groups of 15, including two experimental groups and one control group; and then the first experimental group was exposed to 8 sessions of reality therapy and the second experimental group was exposed to 8 sessions of schema therapy and the control group did not receive any intervention. The information obtained from covariance analysis was analyzed with the SPSS software. The findings obtained from the covariance analysis showed that both methods led to a significant reduction in the perfectionism of the participants of the experimental groups. Among the two types of therapy, schema therapy had a greater effect in reducing perfectionism; but there was no significant difference between the two methods in reducing perfectionism. Based on the results, both reality therapy and schema therapy can be used to reduce the perfectionism of working women.

Keywords

References

  1. Beitel, M., Wald, L., Midgett, A., Green, D., Cecero, J., Kishon, R., & Barry, D. (2015). Humanistic experience and Psychodynamic understanding: empirical associations among facets of self-actualization and psychological mindedness. Person - centered & Experiential Psycho therapies, 14(2), 137-148.
  2. Choo, S.Y., & Chan, C.K. (2013). Predicting eating problems among Malaysian chines. Differential roles of positive and negative perfectionism. Personality and Individual Differences, 54(6), 744-749.
  3. Dakanalis, A., Timko, C.A., Zanetti, M.A., Rinaldi, L., Prunas, A., Carra, G., & Clerici, M. (2014). Attachment insecurities maladaptive perfectionism and eating disorder symptoms. A latent mediated and moderated structural equation modeling analysis across diagnostic groups. Psychiatry Research, 215(1), 176-184.
  4. Gholami, R., & Naemi, A. (2017). Effectiveness of Reality Therapy on the Stigma of Mothers of Children with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities. Psychology of Exceptional Individuals, 7(27), 209-236. doi: 10.22054/jpe.2018.24534.1618
  5. Glasser, W. (2008). Station of the mind: new direction for reality therapy. Harper & Row: New York.
  6. Glasser, W. (2014). Reality therapy in the evolution of psychotherapy: The second conference (pp. 270-278). Routledge.
  7. Hill, R. W., Huelsman, T. J., Furr, R. M., Kibler, J., Vicente, B. B., & Kennedy, C. (2004). A new measure of perfectionism: The Perfectionism Inventory. Journal of personality assessment, 82(1), 80-91.
  8. Jamshidi, B., Hossein Chari, M., Haqiqat S., & Razmi M.R. (2009). Validation of a new measure of perfectionism. Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 3(1), 43-35.
  9. Kiamanesh, A., Bahrami, H., & Rafiei Jahormi, M. (2017). Compilation of academic self-efficacy based on mothers' early maladaptive schemas, and students' self-concept and irrational beliefs. Cultural-Educational Journal of Women and Family, 12(42), 33-60.
  10. Ledley, D.R., Marx, B.P., & Heimberg, R.G. (2005). Making Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Work, Clinical Process for New Practitioners Second Edition. The Guilford Press: New York, USA.
  11. Lo, A., & Abbott, M.J. (2013). The impact of manipulating expected standards of performance for adaptive, maladaptive and non- perfectionists. Cognitive therapy and research, 37(4), 762-778.
  12. Maohua, C., & Yujuan, W. (2014). The Different mediating roles of impulsivity in the relationship between time management disposition and the active and passive procrastination. Natural science journal of Harbin normal university, 5(1), 23-30.
  13. Renner, F., Derubeis, R., Arntz, A., Peeters, F., Lobbestael, J., & Huibers, M.J.H. (2018). Exploring mechanisms of change in schema therapy for chronic depression. Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry, 58, 97-105.
  14. Riso, L.P., Pieter, L., Dutoit, P.D., Stein, D.J., & Young, J.E. (2007). Cognitive schemas and core beliefs in psychological problems: A scientist -practitioner guide.
  15. Sabbonchi, F., & Lundh, L.G. (2012). Perfectionism, anger, somatic health and positive affect. Personality and Individual Differences, 35, 1585-1599.
  16. Sahebi, A. (2016). Reality Therapy. Glasser, W. Sayeh Sokhan Publishing.
  17. Sohrabi, F., Borjali, A., & Momeni, M.M. (2018). The effect of cognitive techniques on schema therapy in reducing perfectionism, Pooyesh, 9(4),82-75.
  18. Stoeber, J., Otto, K., Pesche, E., Becker, C., & Stoll, O. (2007). Perfectionism and competitive anxiety in athletes: Differentiating striving for perfection and negative reaction to imperfection. Personality and Individual Differences, 42, 959–969.
  19. Surawy, R., Mc Manus, F., Muse, D., & Williams, P. (2015). The effect of real therapy (WDEP) on the styles of psychological documents and perfectionism in interpreting educational events in male and female students with psychological narcissist. Journal of the American academy of child & Adolescent psychiatry, 23(19), 156-179.
  20. Terry-Short, L.A., Owens, R.G., Sla, P.D., & Dewey, M.E. (1995). Positive and negative perfectionism. Personality and individual differences,18(5), 663-668.
  21. Young, J.E. (1999). Cognitive therapy for personality disorders: a schema-focused approach practitioners resource series (3rd eds.), Professional Resource Exchange Inc.
  22. Young, J.E., Klos, J.S., & Weishaar, M.E. (2003). Schema therapy: A Practitioners Guide. New York.
  23. Zare, R., & Zandkarimi, Q. (2018). The effects of neurofeedback on dimensions of perfectionism in generalized anxiety disorder. National Psychological Research Conference
Iranian Journal of Organizational psychology
Volume 1, Issue 1
May 2024
Pages 34-40

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics