The Role of Total Quality Management (TQM) Dimensions in Predicting Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) and Work Engagement among Elementary School Teachers

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Educational Sciences, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran

10.22111/ijop.2026.55079.1075

Abstract

The present study aimed to explain the role of Total Quality Management (TQM) dimensions in predicting organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) and work engagement among elementary school teachers, and to examine the structural relationships among these variables in Aligoudarz. This quantitative study employed a descriptive–correlational survey design. The statistical population consisted of all elementary school teachers in Aligoudarz during the 2024–2025 academic year (N = 412), from which 199 teachers were selected using stratified random sampling based on Cochran’s formula. Data were collected using the TQM questionnaire developed by Mittal et al. (1999), the OCB questionnaire by Organ and Konovsky (1996), and the Work Engagement scale by Schaufeli et al. (2002). Cronbach’s alpha coefficients demonstrated acceptable reliability for TQM (0.885), OCB (0.801), and work engagement (0.831). Data analysis was conducted using SPSS-24. After verifying the normality of distributions through the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, Pearson correlation, univariate General Linear Models (GLM), and Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) were applied to test the hypotheses. The results revealed a strong and positive relationship between OCB and work engagement (r = 0.799, p < 0.01). Moreover, TQM significantly predicted both OCB and work engagement, with the leadership dimension showing the greatest effect size. Overall, the findings suggest that effective implementation of TQM—particularly in leadership and human resource management—can enhance extra‑role behaviors and increase work engagement among teachers.

Keywords

References

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Iranian Journal of Organizational psychology
Volume 3, Issue 2
September 2026
Pages 67-75

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